BEMA Journal of Business, Economics, Management, and Accounting is committed to upholding the highest standards of academic integrity and ethical publishing. Plagiarism in any form is considered a serious violation of publication ethics and is not acceptable.

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1. Definition of Plagiarism

Plagiarism includes, but is not limited to:

• Direct copying of text, data, images, or ideas from other works without proper citation;

• Paraphrasing substantial portions of another work without appropriate acknowledgment;

• Self-plagiarism, including the reuse of one’s own previously published work without proper citation or justification;

• Duplicate or redundant publication of substantially similar content.

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2. Plagiarism Screening

All manuscripts submitted to BEMA Journal of Business, Economics, Management, and Accounting are screened for plagiarism using reliable plagiarism detection software prior to the peer review process. The similarity report is used as a reference in assessing the originality of the manuscript.

The journal does not rely solely on similarity percentage but also evaluates the context, source, and nature of the similarity.

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3. Acceptable Similarity Threshold

As a general guideline, the journal expects manuscripts to have an overall similarity index of no more than 25%, excluding references, quotations, and commonly used phrases. Manuscripts exceeding this threshold may be:

• Returned to authors for revision,

• Rejected outright in cases of severe plagiarism.

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4. Handling of Plagiarism Cases

If plagiarism is detected at any stage of the publication process, the journal will take appropriate action, including:

• Requesting clarification or revision from the author(s);

• Rejecting the manuscript prior to publication;

• Retracting the article after publication, if necessary;

• Notifying the author’s institution or relevant authorities in cases of serious misconduct.

All cases will be handled in accordance with the guidelines of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE).

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5. Author Responsibilities

Authors are responsible for ensuring that their manuscripts are entirely original and properly cited. Proper acknowledgment of all sources must be provided. Authors are encouraged to check their manuscripts for plagiarism before submission.

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6. Appeals

Authors have the right to appeal editorial decisions related to plagiarism. Appeals must be submitted in writing and will be reviewed by the editorial board.

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BEMA Journal of Business, Economics, Management, and Accounting is dedicated to maintaining transparency, fairness, and academic integrity in all stages of the publication process.