BEMA Journal of Business, Economics, Management, and Accounting provides immediate open access to its content on the principle that making research freely available to the public supports a greater global exchange of knowledge.

All articles published in this journal are freely accessible online without any subscription or registration requirements. Users are permitted to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of the articles, and to use them for any other lawful purpose, without asking prior permission from the publisher or the authors.

This journal applies an open access policy in accordance with the principles of the Budapest Open Access Initiative (BOAI), ensuring that scholarly research is made available to the widest possible audience.

Authors retain the copyright of their work and grant the journal the right of first publication. Unless otherwise stated, all published articles are licensed under an open access license that permits non-commercial use with proper attribution to the original author(s) and source.

By adopting an open access policy, BEMA Journal of Business, Economics, Management, and Accounting aims to enhance the visibility, accessibility, and impact of scholarly research in the fields of business, economics, management, and accounting at both national and international levels.